Frequently Asked Questions

What is the update frequency for thermal hotspots (potential fire sites) on the regional emergency departments' geoportal?

Data from two spectroradiometers are used to monitor forest and steppe fires and to rapidly verify hotspots. The data update frequency depends on satellite passes over the area of ​​interest, averaging about 4–5 times per day. No thermal points are recorded if there are no thermal anomalies in the specified area.

How do you use the ImageDiscovery tool, and what are its advantages?

The tool allows users to view archival imagery from the MODIS imaging systems on the Terra and Aqua satellites (spatial resolution ranging from 250 m to 1 km), the Landsat/MS satellite (30 m spatial resolution for multispectral channels), and the Landsat-8 Pan-Sharpened satellite (15 m spatial resolution following the pan-sharpening process). After selecting the area, satellite, and imaging period, users can view satellite imagery that meets the specified parameters. The tool's icon features a white pair of binoculars on a brown background.

What imagery do you use to monitor burned areas and logged sites?

Daily Planet.com imagery with 3m resolution.

How often is the thermal hotspot data updated?

4 times a day, every 6 hours.

Is it possible to determine the exact date the fire started and the date of the logging from the images?

Yes, by analyzing images taken at different times, it is possible to identify the start date and duration of a fire, as well as determine the date of logging.

Is it possible to monitor freeze-up and ice drift using images?

Yes, by calculating the thematic indices NDSI and NDWI from imagery, it is possible to determine the state of the ice (stable, weakening, breakup, and ice drift).

Is it possible to determine the overgrowth of a river over time from images?

Yes, by analyzing the NDVI spectral index over time using satellite imagery, it is possible to monitor river delta formation processes and delta water regimes (such as assessing vegetation encroachment, seaward progradation, or erosion).

Is it possible to forecast floods using images?

Yes, by utilizing the results of topographic and bathymetric surveys, as well as hydrometeorological data derived from imagery, it is possible to model flood scenarios—that is, to generate advance forecasts.

Is it possible to obtain archival satellite imagery taken in the evening for use in solving crimes?

Since Kazakhstan's spacecraft are optical Earth remote sensing satellites, imaging is performed only during daylight hours.

What map scales can be produced using KazEOSat-1 imagery?

Updating 1:10,000 scale maps and creating 1:25,000 scale maps.

Is it possible to determine the make or type of the car?

It is only possible to distinguish a cargo vehicle from a passenger vehicle.

Is it possible to count the trees?

Only freestanding ones.

Are satellite images used to detect illegal land seizure?

Yes, and very actively.

Maximum georeferencing accuracy of the L3 product?

Up to 1 meter, provided a large number of ground control points (GCPs) are used.

What is the accuracy of the digital elevation model generated from KazEOSat-1 satellite stereo imagery?

2 m in plan, 4 m in height.

What is the turnaround time and method of image delivery?

KazEOSat-2: 1–4 days via FTP; KazEOSat-1: 3 days or more, due to the mandatory review procedure by the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Kazakhstan via FTP.

Can photographs be used as evidence in court?

Yes, it is possible; the authenticity of the image content can be confirmed, if necessary, by an official letter from the operator (this has been done on multiple occasions).

Is it possible to create a digital model of a water body or riverbed?

No, it's impossible.

Is it possible to determine the composition of the Earth or the presence of mineral resources?

No, it is only possible to identify what is on the Earth's surface within the scale of the image.

Is it possible to track the movements of fish or mammals?

No, because the water surface in the image is not always transparent, and the revisit frequency for the same area is at least three days.

How many times a day can a designated area be imaged?

Once a day, usually before lunch (not every day, but once every three days).

Can you guarantee the filming schedule?

No, because the presence of cloud cover necessitates re-imaging.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about the space imaging capabilities of KazEOSat-1 and KazEOSat-2

1. What visualization capabilities does KazEOSat-1 provide?

KazEOSat-1 satellite imagery provides high spatial resolution—1 meter. This resolution allows us to discern the shape of objects measuring at least one meter. However, for full object recognition, the object must be at least 10 pixels in size—that is, 10 by 10 meters.

Therefore, it is not possible to identify people, livestock, or vehicles in the high-resolution imagery.

2. What research capabilities does KazEOSat-2 provide?

The KazEOSat-2 spacecraft captures images with a spatial resolution of 6.5 meters. This makes it possible to discern the shape of objects measuring at least 6.5 meters; however, for full object recognition, the object must span at least 10x10 pixels.

3. Что отличают спутники KazEOSat-1 и KazEOSat-2?

KazEOSat-1: может различать небольшие объекты, такие как отдельные здания, силуэты транспортных средств и другие крупные элементы городской инфраструктуры.

KazEOSat-2: способен различать более крупные объекты, такие как кварталы, дороги, силуэты мостов, большие здания и сельскохозяйственные поля.   

4. What are the limitations for the KazEOSat series satellites?

Nighttime imaging: KazEOSat series satellites do not capture images at night because they use optical sensors that require sunlight to acquire images.

Static imaging: Since the satellites move along an orbit rather than remaining stationary over a single point on Earth, they can capture images from various angles and at different times. However, it is not possible to remain fixed over a single point to take photographs continuously.

Imaging schedule: To obtain satellite imagery promptly, you must first contact JSC NC Kazakhstan Gharysh Sapary and provide details regarding the imaging mode, timing, geographic coordinates, and dimensions of the area of ​​interest; based on this information, the spacecraft operations team will notify you regarding the feasibility of the imaging.

5. Under what conditions can KazEOSat-1 and KazEOSat-2 satellite images be used?

KazEOSat-1 is recommended for detailed tasks such as urban planning, road network analysis, or infrastructure monitoring.

KazEOSat-2 is a suitable choice when coverage of large areas is required, for instance, for agricultural monitoring or tracking changes over extensive territories.

If you have any further questions, please contact us via the contact form or using the provided contact details.


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